Cat Reproduction and Genetics

1. The Cat Reproductive Cycle

Cats have a unique reproductive cycle. Female cats (called queens) go into heat every 2–3 weeks during breeding season. You might notice more vocalisation, restlessness, and affectionate behaviour. Once mating happens, ovulation is triggered, and the eggs are released. If fertilised, the pregnancy (called gestation) lasts about 63 to 65 days.

2. Cat Pregnancy: What to Expect

Pregnant cats show signs like a growing belly, increased appetite, and more rest. They also start nesting—looking for quiet places to prepare for birth. It’s important to feed them a diet for pregnant cats and give them a peaceful environment. Regular vet visits help ensure a healthy pregnancy.

3. Birth and Baby Care

When labour starts, queens need a calm space. Most cats handle it well, but it’s good to watch for signs of trouble. After birth, kittens need warmth, help finding mum’s milk, and careful monitoring. Make sure they’re gaining weight and nursing well.

4. Understanding Genetics

Breeding cats means understanding how traits are passed on. Some traits are dominant, others recessive. Breeders should be aware of genetic conditions like HCM or PKD, which affect certain breeds. Health testing is key to responsible breeding.

5. Why Spay and Neuter Matters

Spaying (females) and neutering (males) aren’t just about avoiding kittens. They help reduce risks of certain cancers and unwanted behaviours. These routine surgeries also help control stray populations and ease the burden on shelters.

6. Breeding Responsibly

Breeding should only be done with health and ethics in mind. This includes testing for inherited diseases, only breeding healthy, well-tempered cats, and ensuring kittens go to loving, lifelong homes. Socialisation and early care matter too.

7. Preventing Genetic Disorders

Some conditions, like heart disease or blindness, are inherited. Responsible breeders test parent cats and avoid risky pairings. Introducing genetic diversity helps reduce inherited disease and ensures healthier kittens.

Final Thoughts: Supporting Healthy Generations

Understanding your cat’s reproductive health—and the role of genetics—is key to supporting their well-being. Whether you’re a pet owner or breeder, staying informed helps every cat live a healthier, happier life.